Moléculas pécticas: extracción y su potencial aplicación como empaque
Pectic molecules: extraction and its packing potencial application
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v5i2.697Palabras clave:
biopolímeros, residuos agroindustriales, cubiertas comestiblesResumen
Las pectinas son polisacáridos presentes en los tejidos vegetales, compuestos principalmente por cadenas de ácido galacturónico. Las pectinas se han extraído por diferentes métodos de los tejidos vegetales de diversos frutos, principalmente de los materiales de desecho como por ejemplo de la pomaza de manzana y de las cáscaras de cítricos, en los cuales se ha encontrado un mayor rendimiento. La demanda mundial de pectinas ha ido en aumento debido a la gran aplicabilidad de esta materia, ya que se ha empleado en la industria alimentaria por su alto poder gelificante y espesante, también tienen una gran aplicación en la industria farmacéutica y cosmética. Recientemente se han encontrado reportes del empleo de pectinas para la fabricación de recubrimientos y películas de empaque como alternativa a los empaques de origen sintético, con lo cual pueden aprovecharse los desechos o subproductos de la producción agrícola. Estos materiales llegan a representar la mitad del peso fresco total del fruto y son particularmente ricos en pectinas.
Abstract
Pectin is a polysaccharide found in vegetable tissues, which are mainly formed by galacturonic acid chains. Extraction of pectin from vegetable tissue has been done by a variety of methods, using as starting material, either fruits or waste material derived from fruit processing, like apple pomace or citric fruit peel, that have given high extraction yields. Worldwide demand of pectin has been increased due to the great applicability in different areas, including the food industry, where pectin is used as gelling and thickening agent; it is also been used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Recently, pectin has been utilized in the production of edible coating and films to be used as packing materials, as an alternative to synthetic materials; that, at the same time, is an alternative to use the waste material and residues from agricultural production. These materials represent nearby the half of the fruit total weight and are particularly rich in pectin.
Keywords: biopolymers, agroindustrial residues, edible films.
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