Asimetría de la masa, fuerza y potencia muscular de los miembros inferiores de estudiantes universitarios
Asymmetry of the mass, muscle strength and power of the lower limbs of college students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v9i1.599Palabras clave:
dominante, no dominante, asimetría bilateral, miembros inferioresResumen
Cuando la asimetría funcional bilateral, diferencia entre el lado dominante y el no dominante, está por encima de los niveles normales puede propiciar lesiones osteomusculares, sobre todo si se trata de los miembros inferiores. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la asimetría de la masa, fuerza máxima y potencia muscular de los miembros inferiores de 24 estudiantes universitarios. La masa muscular se determinó por medio de una absorciometría de rayos X de doble energía (DXA), la fuerza máxima con una repetición máxima (1-RM) en sentadilla unilateral en máquina Smith. La potencia muscular se evaluó utilizando un encoder (transductor de posición lineal) con cargas del 30, 40, 50, 60 y 70% de la 1-RM. La masa muscular de la pierna dominante fue 5.42 ± 1.42 kg mientras que para la no dominante fue de 5.37 ± 1.46 kg. La fuerza máxima de la pierna dominante fue 93.2 ± 20 kg y para la no dominante 90.8 ± 21 kg. Al igual que en las anteriores variables en la potencia muscular no hubo diferencia significativa entre la pierna dominante y no dominante con ninguna de las cargas evaluadas, la máxima potencia se alcanzó con las cargas del 60 y 70 % de la 1-RM. Los sujetos evaluados no presentaron diferencia significativa entre el lado dominante y el no dominante, por lo que el nivel de asimetría en la masa, fuerza máxima y potencia muscular es baja.
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