La terapia fotodinámica promete revolucionar el tratamiento del cáncer
Photodynamic Therapy Promises to Revolutionize Cancer Treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v17i4.1355Palabras clave:
cáncer, fotoquímica, fotosensibilizador, metales, quimioterapiaResumen
El cáncer es una de las enfermedades que más afecta a la población mundial. Los tratamientos más aplicados son la cirugía, la radioterapia y la quimioterapia. La quimioterapia consiste en el uso de fármacos para destruir las células cancerosas. Sin embargo, puede presentar baja eficiencia, resistencia al tratamiento, y debido a la falta de selectividad del fármaco, provocar efectos secundarios severos. Debido a estas limitaciones, han surgido terapias emergentes, como la terapia fotodinámica (PDT, por sus siglas en inglés). La PDT consiste en administrar al tumor un fotosensibilizador (PS, por sus siglas en inglés), el cual es posteriormente estimulado con una fuente de luz y se producen especies reactivas de oxígeno tóxicas para las células. La PDT ofrece una mayor selectividad hacia las células cancerosas ya que el fotosensibilizador puede inyectarse y activarse de manera localizada y de esta manera no afectar a otros órganos cercanos. Se espera que la PDT en un futuro cercano pudiera ser una terapia valiosa para el tratamiento del cáncer y permitir una mejora en la calidad de vida de los pacientes.
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