Actitudes sexuales y uso del condón en estudiantes universitarios de Ciudad Juárez, México
Sexual attitudes and condom use among university students in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v3i2.733Palabras clave:
Uso de condón, comportamiento sexual, IVSA, ITS, universitarios, MéxicoResumen
Objetivo: Describir actitudes, conductas sexuales y prevalencia de uso del condón entre los estudiantes de una universidad mexicana en la frontera de México con Estados Unidos. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo con una muestra de 561 estudiantes universitarios quienes dieron su consentimiento informado previo a la aplicación de un cuestionario que se depositó en una urna cerrada y sellada para garantizar confidencialidad. Se realizó análisis univariado para describir las características generales de la muestra y se compararon grupos con respecto a conductas sexuales de riesgo mediante el cálculo de la razón de momios con intervalos de confianza al 95 % y prueba de ji cuadrada de Pearson. El análisis estadístico fue realizado con el programa SPSS versión 15 para Windows. Resultados: El 69.2 % (n=379) refieren antecedentes de actividad sexual coital. En promedio el inicio de la vida sexual para los hombres fue de 16.9 años y de 18.3 años para las mujeres; el 35.9 % no utilizaron condón en su primera relación. El 76.8 % reportaron vida sexual activa en los últimos 6 meses, y solo un tercera parte de ellos (33.9 %) reportó siempre usar condón para relaciones coitales. Una proporción baja (35.3 %) reportó antecedentes de exámenes de detección de ITS, pero la mayoría (90.7 %) estaba dispuesto a practicárselos. A pesar de que la mayoría (92 %) ha recibido información sobre uso de condón y de conductas de riesgo para transmisión de VIH/SIDA e ITS, más de la mitad (55.1 %) mostraron disposición para participar en talleres educativos sobre este tema. En este artículo además se reportan los resultados de otras características, actitudes y conductas sexuales y prevalencia de comportamientos de alto riesgo para contraer VIH/SIDA e ITS de estos estudiantes.
Conclusiones: Los universitarios estudiados en esta ciudad fronteriza de México forman un grupo sexualmente activo con riesgo alto para adquirir ITS por sus actitudes y características de comportamiento sexual. Es necesario desarrollar e implementar campañas de promoción de uso del condón y para detección oportuna y tratamiento de ITS en este grupo.
Abstract
Objective: Describe sexual attitudes and behaviors, and prevalence of condom use among students in a mexican university on the Mexico-United States border
Material and methods: A descriptive study with a sample of 561 university students who gave informed consent prior to the application of a questionnaire that they deposited in a closed and sealed box to guarantee confidentiality. Univariable analysis was done to describe general characteristics of the sample, and risk sexual behaviors were compared between groups using odds ratio with confidence intervals and Pearson ́s chi square test. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 15 for Windows.
Results: 69.2 % (n=379) reported history of prior sexual activity. The mean age for start of sexual activity was 16.9 years for men and 18.3 years for women; 35.9 % (n=136) did not use a condom for their first life-time sexual relation. 76.8 % (n=289) had an active sex life in the past six-months, with only a third of them (n=98) reporting to always use a condom for sexual relations. A low proportion (35.3 %) reported ever having had a laboratory test to detect an STD, but most (90.7 %) stated that they would be willing to undergo a test. Although most (92 %) had received information about condom use and high-risk behaviors for HIV/AIDS and STD transmission in the past, more than half (55.1 %) showed interest to participate in educational workshops. Other results about characteristics and attitudes of sexual behaviors and prevalence of high-risk behaviors for contracting HIV/AIDS and STD’s of these students are discussed in this report. Conclusions: The University students studied in this Mexican border city represent a sexually active group at high risk for contracting HIV/AIDS or STDs given their attitudes and characteristics of sexual behaviors. It is necessary to develop and implement condom promotion campaigns and early detection and treatment of HIV/AIDS and STDs in this group.
Keywords: Condom use, sexual behavior, STD’s, sexually active, university students, Mexico.
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