Embarazo adolescente y deficiencia de micronutrientes: Una revisión crítica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v18i3.1592Palabras clave:
anemia, adolescentes, embarazo, micronutrientesResumen
La adolescencia, etapa crítica donde el crecimiento está en su punto máximo y cuando un embarazo ocurre en este período, representa un mayor riesgo nutricional tanto para la madre como para el feto en crecimiento. Las jóvenes adolescentes embarazadas tienen una mayor tendencia de dar a luz a bebés con ciertas anomalías congénitas, menor peso al nacer y mayores posibilidades de mortalidad infantil. La insuficiencia de micronutrientes en la nutrición materna durante la gestación puede aumentar el riesgo de defectos congénitos en los recién nacidos. Esto se puede atribuir a que el feto en desarrollo depende de la nutrición de la madre para su adecuado crecimiento, procesos metabólicos y adecuado desarrollo. La desnutrición durante el embarazo puede provocar una variedad de anomalías congénitas, como defectos de cierre del tubo neural, labio y paladar hendido, defectos cardíacos congénitos y mayor mortalidad fetal. La deficiencia de hierro al inicio del embarazo en el primer y segundo trimestre podría provocar un parto prematuro o una disminución del peso al nacer y un impacto negativo en la salud de los recién nacidos. Pocos de los abortos espontáneos observados en adolescentes durante el primer trimestre podrían atribuirse a la deficiencia nutricional de las madres antes de la concepción.
https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v18i3.1592
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