Nanocompuestos bio-basados de polimirceno/nanocristales de celulosa obtenidos por polimerización “in situ”
Bio-based nanocomposites of polymyrcene/celluloce nanocrystals obtained by “in situ” polymerization
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v17i4.1337Palabras clave:
nanocristales de celulosa, elastómeros bio-basados, nanocompuestos, β-mirceno, polimerización por plasmaResumen
Se reporta la preparación de nanocompuestos elastoméricos 100 % bio-basados a partir de la polimerización de β-mirceno usando como carga nanocristales de celulosa, mediante un proceso “in situ”, es decir, llevar a cabo la polimerización en presencia de las nanocargas. La polimerización fue vía coordinación en solución usando un sistema catalítico base neodimio, NdV3/DIBAH/ Me2SiCl2 en relación molar 1/20/1 y variando la concentración de nanocristales de celulosa de 0.5, 1.5, 3 y 5 % en peso, los cuales fueron probados con y sin modificación superficial por plasma utilizando β-mirceno como modificante. Dicha modificación se demostró caracterizando los materiales mediante FTIR, XRD y TGA. Los nanocompuestos elastoméricos obtenidos se caracterizaron mediante GPC para la obtención de los pesos moleculares, así como por NMR para calcular el porcentaje de estructuras 1,4 (cis + trans) vs 3,4. A medida que se incrementó el porcentaje de la carga en las polimerizaciones se produjeron matrices poliméricas con mayores pesos moleculares y amplias distribuciones, pero el alto contenido de la microestructura cis-1,4 no se vio comprometido. La temperatura de transición vítrea tampoco fue significativamente modificada por las nanocargas, pero sí se observó un incremento en los módulos G’ y G’’ por la presencia de éstas.
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