Impacto de factores de concentración en la calidad del agua subterránea en el norte-centro de México
Impact of enrichment factors to groundwater quality in north-central Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v16i2.953Keywords:
alluvial aquifer, arsenic, fluoride, nitrate, endorheic basin, water-rock interactionAbstract
Groundwater quality data available for the states of Chihuahua, Coahuila and Durango (N=704) were analyzed to determine the spatial distribution of three contaminants commonly present in the area, (As), fluoride (F), and nitrate (NO3-N) and to determine the effect of enrichment factors. These factors include evaporation, weathering of rock, HCO3, and total dissolved solids (TDS). Concentration maps were constructed and correlation among contaminants and between contaminants and potential enrichment factors were determined. The results show that weathering of rocks is the most important enrichment process for As and F, followed by evaporation. The NO3-N content was associated to agricultural activities and evaporation. A moderate correlation was found for As-F (ρ= 0.417, p< 0.001) and no correlation between these and NO3-N, SDT nor HCO3 was found, which suggests that TDS nor alkalinity within the study area vary sufficiently as to significantly affect the As and F content. Location in a closed or open basin did not significantly affect As nor F. In contrast, NO3-N correlated strongly to TDS and both concentrated in closed basins. Some spin-off results of this study were the location of 23 wells with extreme content of both As and F and the comparison of coverage of groundwater sampled wells between the three states.
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