Evaluación del rendimiento de algodón (Gossypium hirsutum L) con cuatro niveles de humedad aprovechable en suelo franco en el Valle de Mexicali
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L) yield evaluation under four levels of soil moisture content in a loamy soil in the Mexicali Valley
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v2i3.79Keywords:
irrigation, regression, moisture, yield, cottonAbstract
During the 2005 spring-summer period, at the Mexicali, Baja California Valley, 30,000 ha of cotton crop were sowed, using furrow surface irrigation. The number of irrigations was variable, and its calculation was empirical by farmers. As a result of this method, results of yields were also variable. Due to the lack of knowledge about the right moment to apply the plant water needs, in order to obtain the maximum yield, an experimental plot was designed. The main goal of this study was to evaluate four levels of soil moisture content (20, 40, 60 y 80 %), before irrigation, under the cotton crop yield. Therefore, it is necessary to establish techniques to get the highest yield for both bone and fiber cotton crop. A precocious seed were used for evaluation, Delta Pine 565, in two phenological stages (X1 y X2), where X1 goes from germination all the way through the early stage of flowering, and X2 is from start of flowering (50 % of flowered plants) until the cotton fiber formation. In order to calculate the hydrological balance the soil moisture content was measured with a neutron probe in 15 cm. layers until 105 cm. depth was reached. A factorial array was used. (42) and the data statistical analysis was made through a multiple regression model, and a variance analysis also was utilized. The best array (R2=0.72) was obtained with the Y=0.6705553+ 0.15820168 X2 – 0.0014X2 2 function. The ANOVA showed significant differences (P<0.05) among treatments. The most favourable X1 and X2 values of available soil moisture content were 35 % and 57 % respectively. The results show that the available soil moisture content on the second stage had a higher effect on the bone and cotton yield.
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