Establecimiento de una plataforma molecular in vitro para desarrollar oocitos a partir de células madre embrionarias
Establishment in vitro of a molecular platform to develop oocytes from embryonic stem cells
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v2i1.67Keywords:
differentiation, germ cells, transfection, oogenesisAbstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are derived from the inner
cell mass of mammalian blastocysts, and because of their in vitro and in vivo pluripotency they are able to generate the 200 cell types identified in the body. The use of selective media and artificial gene expression that regulate specific routes of differentiation have allowed direct in vitro differentiation of ESC toward specialized somatic cell types like neural cells, heart cells, etc. Recent studies have shown that spontaneous in vitro differentiation of ESC can also give place to a type of germ cells which later on could develop into gametes: sperm and oocytes. This raises the idea of generating an in vitro system, to allow the differentiation of ESC toward the formation of gamete cell. This will have a direct impact on understanding the genetics programming processes of oogenesis and spermatogenesis, that could allow the development of more efficient protocols for animal cloning, therapeutic cloning, in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. In relation to this, our research group has focused on the study of genes called «masters» that are expressed on early stages of determining germ line, and have direct relation to proper development of germ cells in the ovaries and testicles. So, those are genes that could be candidates to direct differentiation of ESC toward a germ cell lineage.
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