Phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of extracts from calyces of (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) varieties of different origins
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v18i4.1594Keywords:
Hibiscus sabdariffa L., solvent, Chlorogenic acids, anthocyaninsAbstract
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyces are a source of bioactive compounds with applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. This study aimed to analyze the content of anthocyanins (CAT) and fractions of phenolic acids (PA) in hibiscus calyx extracts and to determine their antioxidant capacity (AC). Three hibiscus varieties were used: two of national origin with light-colored calyces and one imported (dark-colored calyces). Two solvents were used individually: water (~95 °C) and acidified methanol (at room temperature). CAT and fractionated phenolic acids (free, glycosylated, and esterified) were quantified using spectrophotometry and analyzed by HPLC. AC was determined using the DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical assay. The aqueous extract showed 51 % AC, compared to 63.7 % in the methanolic extract. However, the anthocyanin profile remained unchanged across extraction methods. In the aqueous extracts, esterified phenolic acids were the most prominent, while free phenolic acids were the least. Chlorogenic and caffeic acids were the most abundant phenolic acids identified. Furthermore, the highest AC was found in the aqueous extract of Chinese roselle, due to its high CAT. However, in the analysis of the samples standardized to 100 μg/mL CAT, the Chinese roselle extract presented the lowest AC. The bioactive yield of hibiscus calyces is influenced by both the extraction method and the variety used. The extraction of bioactives from hibiscus calyxes is higher in methanol than in aqueous extract. Imported hibiscus has a higher anthocyanin content compared to domestic hibiscus.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v18i4.1594
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