Topobathymetric 3D model reconstruction of shallow water bodies through remote sensing, GPS, and bathymetry
Reconstrucción de modelo 3D topobatimétrico de cuerpos de agua someros mediante teledetección, GPS y batimetría
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v12i1.129Keywords:
MDE, almacenamiento, lago, MNDWI, RTK, sonarAbstract
Ante la inexistencia de modelos matemáticos que calculan el almacenamiento de agua de Laguna de Bustillos, el balance hídrico requiere este dato para comprender la conectividad entre este cuerpo de agua y el acuífero Cuauhtémoc. Este artículo presenta una nueva técnica de reconstrucción tridimensional basada en series de tiempo de imágenes de sensores remotos multiespectrales, batimetría, levantamiento topográfico con GPS de alta precisión y curvas de nivel regionales. Con las imágenes de Landsat ETM +/OLI y Sentinel 2A de 2012 a 2013, 2016 y 2017, se extrajeron los contornos de la superficie del agua utilizando el MNDWI y se asociaron con una elevación obtenida a través del GPS. Se utilizó un Vehículo Autónomo de Superficie para obtener la batimetría del lago. Se realizó un levantamiento topográfico usando GPS en áreas pobladas y se usaron las curvas de nivel extraídas del Modelo 3.0 de Elevaciones Continuas del INEGI. Se construyó un MDE, las superficies y volúmenes se calcularon a diferentes elevaciones y se compararon con 16 imágenes multiespectrales Landsat TM/ ETM+/OLI de 1999 al 2018. Los resultados mostraron que la media del área promedio de intersección del modelo y las imágenes tiene una eficiencia superior al 90,9 % de acuerdo con el IC, precisión general kappa 95.2-99.7 % y un coeficiente 89.9-99.3 %. Este modelo demostró ser muy preciso en escala regional, sobre todo cuando el espejo del agua supera los 1971.32 metros sobre el nivel medio del mar, y a la vez útil para la evaluación y administración de los recursos hídricos.
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