Evaluación de la actividad antitopoisomerasa de extractos acuosos de semilla de Pithecellobium dulce obtenidos mediante extracción asistida por ultrasonido
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https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v19iEspecial.2087Palabras clave:
Pithecellobium, gestión de residuos, ultrasonido, antioxidante, antitopoisomerasaResumen
En este estudio se optimizó la extracción asistida por ultrasonido (EAU) en semillas de Pithecellobium dulce, evaluando el efecto de tiempo (5–15 min), amplitud (50–100 %) y ciclo de pulso (0.25–1 s) mediante un diseño factorial fraccionado 3³⁻¹ y análisis de superficie de respuesta. Las variables de respuesta fueron fenoles solubles totales (FST) y capacidad antioxidante (ABTS, DPPH y FRAP). Las condiciones óptimas (10 min, 100 % amplitud, 0.625 s ciclo) generaron un extracto con alto contenido fenólico y la mayor capacidad antioxidante. Este extracto optimizado fue evaluado en un modelo de Saccharomyces cerevisiae genéticamente modificado para determinar su actividad antitopoisomerasa. Los resultados mostraron una inhibición global del 51 % y un efecto específico del 21 % sobre la topoisomerasa tipo II, sin presentar citotoxicidad en cepas con mecanismos de reparación intactos. Estos hallazgos constituyen la primera evidencia de actividad antitopoisomerasa en semillas de P. dulce y sugieren que este subproducto representa una fuente prometedora de compuestos bioactivos con potencial aplicación en las industrias nutracéutica y farmacéutica, además de contribuir a la valorización de residuos agroindustriales mediante procesos sostenibles.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v19iEspecial.2087
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