Especies valiosas de la biodiversidad agrícola de México: una revisión sobre los quelites
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v20i1.2234Palabras clave:
quelites, biodiversidad, propiedades benéficas, aplicación, aprovechamientoResumen
Los quelites han sido parte fundamental de la dieta tradicional mexicana, pues crecen de manera natural en las milpas y son recolectados por los campesinos para su consumo y venta en los mercados locales. El acelerado crecimiento de la industria alimentaria y la disponibilidad de productos altamente procesados, de mayor accesibilidad para la población, han conducido a una marcada disminución en su consumo, restringiéndolo principalmente a comunidades rurales e indígenas. En la actualidad, resulta indispensable revalorar el enorme potencial de los quelites para contribuir a la salud de la población mexicana, ya que se ha demostrado que poseen múltiples propiedades benéficas. En este contexto, el objetivo de esta revisión es profundizar en las propiedades de los quelites con el fin de promover su revalorización, conservación e integración como posibles aditivos alimentarios en productos funcionales innovadores. Para ello, se analizan aspectos relacionados con su consumo en México, los principales componentes bioactivos que contienen y las técnicas empleadas para su extracción, así como las aplicaciones que han tenido en la industria alimentaria y los desafíos actuales para su aprovechamiento. Asimismo, se identifican vacíos de investigación relacionados con la estandarización de técnicas de extracción, la evaluación de la estabilidad de compuestos bioactivos, el desarrollo de procesos de conservación y su incorporación en alimentos funcionales, lo que permite orientar futuras líneas de investigación hacia el aprovechamiento sostenible de los quelites.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v20i1.2234
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