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Nubia Hernández-Flórez
Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla (Colombia)
Olena Klimenko
Institución Universitaria de Envigado (Colombia)
Andrea Liliana Ortiz-González
Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla (Colombia)
Andrea Garcia-Puello
Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla (Colombia)
Francis Araque-Barboza
Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla (Colombia)
Elisama Beltrán de la Rosa
Universidad Metropolitana de Barranquilla (Colombia)
Recibido: 2025/02/9
Aceptado para su publicación: 2025/04/21
Publicado: 2025/06/02
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT
Resumen: Correr es más que solo ejercicio físico; también
es un medio para mejorar el bienestar psicológico. En este
artículo, se describe los efectos terapéuticos de correr sobre
el estrés, la ansiedad y la depresión. El placer del 'subidón
del corredor', sentirse bien y el autoconcepto positivo
también aumentan la autoestima. Además, se convierte en
una forma de meditación activa enfocada desde el
mindfulness en la que los corredores prestan atención a sus
pensamientos, sentimientos y emociones. El autocontrol y
la autodisciplina impuestos a una persona durante la
carrera también sustentan y promueven la energía vital y la
autonomía. Cuanto más se integre la carrera en la vida de
una persona, mejor serán los beneficios psicológicos. Si
bien correr es un componente del ejercicio, se enfatiza en
este artículo como una práctica vital para el bienestar
mental. Esta es una llamada a la acción para que el lector
aprecie los beneficios de correr como una forma terapéutica
y holística de autocuidado.
Abstract: Running is more than just physical exercise; it is
also a means of improving psychological well-being. This
article describes the therapeutic effects of running on stress,
anxiety, and depression. The pleasure of the “runner's high,”
feeling good, and positive self-concept also increase self-
esteem. In addition, it becomes a form of active meditation
focused on mindfulness in which runners pay attention to
their thoughts, feelings, and emotions. The self-control and
self-discipline imposed on a person during running also
sustain and promote vital energy and autonomy. The more
running is integrated into a person's life, the greater the
psychological benefits. While running is a component of
exercise, this article emphasizes it as a vital practice for
mental well-being. This is a call to action for readers to
appreciate the benefits of running as a therapeutic and
holistic form of self-care.
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PALABRAS CLAVE
KEYWORDS
Running, Calidad de vida, Bienestar, Salud
Running, Quality of life, Wellness, Health, Well-
being.
Como citar (APA 7ª Edición):
Hernández-Florez, N., Klimenko, O., Ortiz-González, A. L., Garcia-Puello, A., Araque-Barboza, F. y
Beltrán, F. (2025). Running and its impact on quality of life and mental health through
mindfulness. Qvadrata, estudios sobre educación, artes y humanidades, 7(14), 93-105.
https:// 10.54167/qvadrata.v7i14.2052
Introduction
Running is now a global activity that involves constant movement within a set limit for a given
distance and duration. Globally, individuals and teams participate in this activity, and within the
framework of sport, this activity is gaining recognition due to the many physical benefits it provides,
including strengthening the cardiovascular system, improving body endurance, and muscle development.
It is clear that running provides both mental and physical benefits to the individual (Oswald et al., 2020).
Running offers unique benefits that contribute to mental and physical health by improving
cardiovascular strength, which in turn increases mental health, moving towards a subjective sense of
well-being and, therefore, a better quality of life for the population that practices this activity (Gil, 2020)
In addition, it is important to consider the fact that the benefits of running have been shown to positively
reflect on one's mood, with improved psychological attributes enhancing friendships and developing new
social interactions that lead to increased self-esteem and motivation (Rodríguez-Feilberg, 2023).
In this way, running, rather than just retaining and releasing physical tension, allows the mind to
reach a level of relaxed calm that is restorative and considered an important asset for the development
and improvement of mental strength, mobility, and mental exercise, or rather, active mindfulness, as the
science behind this supports the functioning of the mind (Waleriańczyk & Stolarski, 2021). It is important
to note that, within human coping processes, sport and physical activity have factors that allude to
positive psychological impact, and this practice helps in the development of a healthy mind and increases
psychological and emotional well-being (Rojas-Sequeda & Rojas-Murillo, 2020).
In addition to being a popular exercise, running is also credited with having a profound impact on
mental health and well-being. Numerous studies have shown that regular running can positively impact
mental health in a variety of ways. This introductory essay will address the positive impacts that running
has on mental health, focusing on its impact on mood, coping skills, and self-perception (Pedroso-
Moreira et al., 2023).
When running, individuals experience a release of endorphins, the “feel-good” hormones that
trigger positive and euphoric feelings. Endorphins, along with other neurotransmitters such as serotonin
and dopamine, are powerful natural antidepressants and boost mood, as well as alleviate symptoms of
depression and anxiety. In addition, running is one of the activities that can relieve stress, as it helps
release accumulated tension and emotions in a controlled manner (Avello-Viveros et al., 2022).
Running can be a useful coping strategy, especially in times of emotional low or stressful
situations; running can serve as an escape, helping to clear the mind and gain a different perspective. It
can provide a sense of control and achievement that improves our ability to face the challenges of daily
life. In addition, running provides an opportunity for self-reflection and emotional processing, which can
be helpful for those who need mental clarity and self-understanding (Lobato-Macho, 2022).
An additional key point is the impact that running has on our self-esteem and self-confidence.
Self-efficacy theory states that running can boost one's confidence and self-efficacy if running goals are
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set and achieved and efforts are made to reach the goals of running a longer distance and running faster
(Gil, 2020). In addition, running can promote a positive body image due to improved physical condition
and appearance. Participating in fun runs or running in teams can also develop a sense of belonging and
social connections, which, in turn, improves self-image and psychological well-being (Lestari &
Mardikaningsi, 2020).
The positive impacts of running on psychological well-being are numerous. Physical exercise in
the form of running has the ability to improve mood, relieve stress, aid in coping, and develop a positive
self-image, making it a powerful tool for maintaining and nurturing the mind (Cárdenas, 2022). For those
looking for ways to improve and care for their psychological health, running is a great candidate to
consider adding to their daily routine. The positive impacts of running on the mind are just as profound
as the positive impacts on physical health and well-being (Leunda-Goni, 2023).
Running and mindfulness
Running, not only seen as a sport but as a complete lifestyle, has emerged in recent years as a
preventive and therapeutic practice in the field of mental health. Aerobic exercise, especially running, has
been shown to reduce stress and anxiety while increasing the release of stress-relieving hormones and
neurotransmitters. It improves physical fitness while building psychological resilience and creating a
necessary space for emotional self-regulation in conditions of high cognitive and social demand (Hill et
al., 2025).
As a result of its discipline, mindfulness has been progressively incorporated into contemporary
psychology as an intervention technique and, due to its systematic nature, has branched out into a
scientific and clinical domain in its own right, deriving from the contemplative Buddhist goals of directing
one's cognitive processes and cultivating the ability to direct attentional resources to mental processes
(Cassar et al., 2022). Contemporary research overwhelmingly supports its effectiveness in the clinical
management of symptoms of depression, rumination, and relapse prevention in affective disorders. Its
therapeutic value, I propose, lies in providing periods of reflective silence, pause, re-engagement, and re-
connection with oneself and the mental and emotional processes that rest in the self (Wang et al., 2021).
The convergence of running and mindfulness has created an innovation in therapeutic
intervention where the fusion of the two is referred to as mindful running, or mind running. This
particular framework aims to achieve the fusion of the practice of running and attention to the cognitive
processes of mindfulness, which has the operational effect of restricting the field of attention to the body,
breathing, and context in performance. The resulting synergistic effect is an amplification of the
effectiveness of both interventions, where exercise facilitates physical-kinetic impulses and the release of
tension, and mindfulness exercises facilitate the control and downregulation of all processes of
overemphasis in the mind and head (Bulğay et al., 2022).
Within clinical and health psychology, mindful running is perceived as an interventional practice
that improves body awareness and mind-body connection. This intervention allows individuals to
recognize physiological signs of stress and adaptively manage their relationships with stress. It also
encourages the development of positive coping strategies that aid in the self-regulation of emotions,
which is crucial in preventing relapses in anxiety and depression disorders. As a result, a growing number
of intervention programs incorporate mindful running as an auxiliary tool (Yu et al., 2022).
From a neuropsychological perspective, running and mindfulness simultaneously activate brain
circuits associated with plasticity and emotional well-being. Aerobic exercise stimulates the
hippocampus, which is involved in memory and stress modulation, and mindfulness meditation
strengthens the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is involved in executive and cognitive control
functions. The integration of these practices produces an optimizing effect on brain functioning that
improves sustained attention and decreases automated negative thought patterns (Zhang et al., 2023).
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In the context of psychosocial intervention, running and mindfulness are gaining ground as low-
cost methods with a profound impact that can be applied in both clinical and community settings. They
are incorporated as steps toward promoting healthy lifestyles and, above all, social cohesion when
practiced in groups. The community experience of mindful running not only enriches the mental health
of each individual, but also strengthens the fabric of social support, one of the protectors against the risk
of psychological vulnerability (Robin et al., 2022).
At the same time, it should be noted that not everything is simple, because it is easy to fall into the
trap of underestimating the elasticity that mindful running can generate. Focusing on the experience
generated in the present during a run is not something that can happen horizontally, that is, without
learning. Motivation, order, and regularity are conditions that can determine the success of a proposal.
There is no doubt that psychologists must work on developing protocols that regulate intensity levels,
time, and the fusion of these with other aspects of individuality, such as movement needs, in order to
minimize physical risks and emotional frustration (Chowdhury et al., 2024)
Running combined with mindfulness, both perceived as psychological intervention techniques,
represent an integrated approach to health that unites the body and mind. Their joint integration into
intervention programs is a major advance in applied psychology, as it provides effective techniques for
improving well-being, preventing disorders, and amplifying resilience. Thus, rather than disparate
activities, they offer a means for self-awareness, emotional balance, and sustained personal change
(Altgassen et al., 2024).
Methodology
This research highlights the impact of running and mindfulness separately and together on
people's quality of life and mental health. It also highlights the reasons behind the health benefits. This
work is qualitative in nature and focuses on understanding, explaining, and interpreting the relationship
between running, mindfulness, and mental health and well-being. The research uses this approach to go
beyond the superficial interpretation of numbers and seek the meanings and understandings associated
with these practices by participants. As Calle-Mollo (2023) mentions, in qualitative research, it is
important to capture the ‘contextually dense’ configuration of social and human phenomena by
formulating richer interpretations within particular frameworks, and this is part of the work to be done
in this dissertation (Hernández-Flórez & Klimenko, 2025).
The study combines the method of reflective argumentation with literature (Rana et al., 2023)
defines this method as the rational construction of a consensus that results from the rational presentation
and opposition of reasons. This method integrates a series of arguments based on one's own experiences
and a discourse with different theoretical angles, including critical reflection and a hermeneutic
approach. In this case, the research involves an interpretation of the literature in order to rationalize it in
the formulation of the problem and the theoretical argumentation.
Steps
Establishment of the object of study: the central theme of the article was defined—the practice of
running and mindfulness and their impact on mental health and quality of life—specifying its relevance
within the framework of health psychology (Alfaro & Livin, 2025).
Conducting secondary research: databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect,
Redalyc, and ERIC were searched, focusing on articles published between 2018 and 2025, to construct a
relevant and up-to-date bibliographic analysis
Creation of analysis categories: the following three categories were defined: a) the practice of
running as a physical and psychosocial activity, b) the practice of mindfulness as a psychological
intervention, and c) the intersection of both practices in quality of life and mental health (Acosta et al.,
2021).
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Construction of the argument: an analytical body was assembled in which theoretical findings, empirical
evidence, and critical reasoning were interconnected, ensuring logical cohesion between the categories
(Torres-Ruíz, 2021)
Contrast and triangulation of the argument: the argument was contrasted with various theoretical
points of view, particularly within clinical psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and social psychology, to
strengthen the interpretive validity of the argument (Jimenez-Chávez, 2020).
Stages of development
Exploratory stage: the researcher began by reviewing the scientific literature to determine the
main themes and gaps to be investigated.
Analytical stage: the researcher sought to systematize the selected texts, constructing categorical
matrices that aided comparative analysis and the search for underlying rules.
Reflective and argumentative stage: the researcher sought to integrate the findings into a critical
discourse that linked the effects of running and mindfulness and their psychosocial impact, focusing on
the pros and cons of their use.
Synthesis stage: the researcher sought to integrate the reflections into a structured and coherent
framework that would allow him to write the article with an academic tone, theoretical background, and
interpretive contributions.
Rigorousness and validity
The assurance of the validity of qualitative research through triangulation of sources (several
databases, approaches from different disciplines, authors from different periods), and the coherent
analytical critique of discourse, reflective merit, in the consideration of his mental records, framework of
authenticity, and credibility of the study, are constituted by the author's reflexivity (Oberti & Bacci, 2023).
Results
Table 1. Categories of analysis
In the results section, the authors combine qualitative analyses by category with the main
representation of the word map and the heat concept map. Reflective arguments revealed central
thematic axes regarding career, mindfulness, mental health, and quality of life, which emerged as the
central interpretive frameworks of the study. These results highlight the impact of these practices on
clinical, preventive, and psychosocial dimensions, particularly in reducing anxiety and depression, as well
as increasing resilience and subjective well-being. The maps generated support these results by
illustrating the overall hierarchical and conceptual density of the most common terms, thus providing
strong visual support for the textual analysis. Collectively, the results offer a deep understanding of the
intersections of physical exercise, mindfulness, and mental health. The corresponding analyses are
presented below:
Categories
Analysis
Category 1.
Running as a
Physical and
Psychosocial
Activity
Documentary analysis suggests that running goes beyond the realm of physical
activity to become a practice with psychosocial implications. The literature points
to running's ability to reduce perceived stress, aid in sleep regulation, and increase
the release of serotonin and endorphins. From a psychosocial perspective, running
can be seen as a form of community interaction that reinforces group identity and
social cohesion. The understanding of running as a protective factor against
emotional disorders and as a coping strategy for anxiety and depression is the result
of this duality between the physical and the social.
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Category 2
Mindfulness as
a Psychological
Intervention
Strategy
Argumentative reflection on mindfulness revealed that its effectiveness lies in the
ability to train mindfulness to attend to thoughts, feelings, and bodily sensations
without judgment. The studies reviewed agree that this practice helps to reduce
levels of cognitive rumination, improves emotional regulation, and strengthens
psychological resilience. In clinical settings, it has been used successfully to prevent
relapses into depression and to treat anxiety disorders, thus establishing its
position as a complement to traditional psychotherapeutic interventions. In short,
mindfulness allows the person to inhabit the experience of the present in a more
complete and adaptive way.
Category 3
Running
mindfully
The intersection in this case offers a proposition that provides running with
accentuated benefits that can only be attributed to mindfulness. This increase in
benefit is corroborated in the experience of “subjective well-being.” It is also known
that running with mindfulness helps with anxiety and positively impacts self-
esteem due to increased body positivity. This note suggests a new model in
psychological intervention by providing a justification where both the physical and
mental can be sustained simultaneously. A. Body. Complete. By “diagonal” I mean
the footprints of a body in the form of a contour. These represent a mixture of
running and running with mindfulness in gentle curves and points that offer a
differentiated aesthetic impression of wholeness.
Category 4
Quality of Life
and Mental
Well-being
The findings of the argumentative reflection allow us to affirm that running and
mindfulness, individually or in combination, have an impact on quality of life and
mental health. Research on the subject points to improvements in life satisfaction,
emotional self-regulation, resilience, and purpose in life. These individuals
experience increased self-control, personal autonomy, and structure in their lives.
Consequently, the integration of these practices can be seen as preventive and
therapeutic at different levels, from clinical and educational to community
Source: Own elaboration (2025)
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Figure 1. Word map
Source: Own elaboration (2025)
The word cloud analysis highlighted the most recurring words—running and mindfulness—which
are the main focus of research in relation to discourse on the intersection of physical activity and
psychological regulation. The prominence of concepts such as anxiety, depression, and even resilience
illustrates the clinical and preventive importance of these practices in mental health issues. The
recurrence of well-being and quality of life also documents the subjective appreciation and improvement
of some psychosocial aspects. Self-esteem, autonomy, and control also suggest the empowering potential
of the practices described. In relation to the map created, the underlying concepts between the body and
the mind are, in fact, very dense, which supports the need to combine running and mindfulness in
psychological interventions.
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Figure 2. Heat map
Source: Own elaboration (2025)
The heat map facilitates more accurate visualizations of the intensity of recurrence of key
concepts, highlighting running and mindfulness as the main dense semantic cores. Anxiety, depression,
and resilience, along with the central concepts, show moderately lower frequencies, suggesting their
anchoring role in explaining the psychological impact of these practices. Other terms, such as self-esteem,
autonomy, and purpose, although showing low frequencies, play a fundamental role in extending the
benefits beyond clinical settings to personal growth. Thus, the color gradient of the map demonstrates
the existence of a conceptual hierarchy in which the most frequently mentioned constructs provide the
main argumentative support, while the least mentioned act as peripheral and complementary categories
that enrich the understanding of the discourse on running, mindfulness, and mental health.
Discussion
The results obtained confirm that running, in addition to being a form of physical exercise, is a
means of psychological intervention with beneficial results for emotional regulation and stress and
anxiety reduction. The frequency with which the terms anxiety and depression emerge in semantic maps
supports the evidence that, according to Leunda-Goni (2023) aerobic exercise has a positive impact on
the symptoms of these disorders. These findings are consistent with other research that identifies running
as a protective factor for mental health due to the release of endorphins and the sense of mastery or
control over oneself, thus contributing to individual resilience (Ceberio & Rodriguez, 2023).
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Furthermore, the analysis determined that mindfulness stands out as an intervention technique
that improves emotional self-regulation and resilience. Its frequent reappearance in the visual results
corroborates that mindfulness not only alleviates cognitive rumination, but also increases the ability to
cope with everyday stress. This result resonates with clinical studies where mindfulness has proven useful
in preventing depressive relapses and treating anxiety disorders. Thus, the article provides conceptual
evidence that mindfulness complements sports activities, supporting a multifaceted approach to
intervention (Reynoso-Sánchez et al., 2025).
The results of integrating these practices highlight mindful running as an innovative approach
that combines psychological and physiological aspects. Resilience, self-esteem, and quality of life emerge
in the maps as categories that broaden the scope of the analysis to psychosocial dimensions. These
findings indicate that mindful running not only provides clinical benefits but also improves identity and
social cohesion. There is evidence that incorporating mindfulness into running practices improves
concentration, body awareness, and a deeper level of subjective well-being (Pires et al., 2022)
The essence of the analysis focuses on the interrelationship of running, mindfulness, and quality
of life. Purpose and autonomy, reflected in the visual analysis, suggest that the practices contribute to the
expansive development of meaning in life, which is a valuable contribution to health psychology. These
findings point to the value of preventive mental health interventions that combine mindful exercise
(Jones & Drummond, 2023). The article argues, and indeed confirms, that the integration of body and
mind provides new avenues for addressing mental health issues through therapeutic, educational, and
health promotion engagement in the community (Ramteke, 2025).
The results obtained confirm that running, in addition to being a form of physical exercise, is a
means of psychological intervention with beneficial results for emotional regulation and stress and
anxiety reduction. The frequency with which the terms anxiety and depression emerge in semantic maps
supports the evidence that aerobic exercise has a positive impact on the symptoms of these disorders.
These findings are consistent with other research that identifies running as a protective factor for mental
health due to the release of endorphins and the sense of mastery or control over oneself, thus contributing
to individual resilience (Johles et al., 2025).
In addition, the analysis determined that mindfulness stands out as an intervention technique
that improves emotional self-regulation and resilience. Its frequent reappearance in the visual results
corroborates that mindfulness not only alleviates cognitive rumination but also increases the ability to
cope with everyday stress. This result resonates with clinical studies where mindfulness has proven useful
in preventing depressive relapses and treating anxiety disorders. Thus, the article provides conceptual
evidence that mindfulness is a complement to sports activity, supporting a multifaceted approach to
intervention (Release, 2025).
The essence of the analysis focuses on the interrelationship between running, mindfulness, and
quality of life. Purpose and autonomy, reflected in the visual analysis, suggest that the practices
contribute to the expansive development of meaning in life, which is a valuable contribution to health
psychology. These findings point to the value of preventive mental health interventions that combine
mindful exercise. The article argues, and indeed confirms, that the integration of body and mind provides
new avenues for addressing mental health issues through therapeutic, educational, and health promotion
engagement in the community (Hahn et al., 2021).
Improved quality of life, among other indicators, represents the main benefit of integrating
running and mindfulness, fully supported by the literature. Integrating running and mindfulness
improves indicators of well-being, listener sleep, and listener vitality, with subjective perceptions of life
satisfaction and well-being. Certain practices, especially those correlated with the extended running and
mindfulness method, have demonstrated improved emotional balance and a life with purpose, which
translates into stronger and more meaningful social and personal projects in development (Deb et al.,
2023).
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From a psychological perspective, running and mindfulness can be understood as preventive and
therapeutic intervention methods. Their inclusion in clinical programs that alleviate symptoms of anxiety
and depression while improving emotional self-regulation is a welcome addition. Furthermore, these
practices foster resilience as a vital resource for coping with adversity. In this sense, the result
corroborates studies that emphasize the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in modulating
stress response and reducing rumination. Thus, it creates avenues for their use in clinical and
psychoeducational settings (Cassar et al., 2022).
A relevant aspect is that the combination of running and mindfulness transcends the individual
to also affect the psychosocial dimension. When practiced in community settings, these activities improve
social cohesion and create collective support networks. This is particularly important for marginalized
groups with limited access to conventional therapeutic resources. The findings indicate that interventions
rooted in these practices can help foster more resilient and healthy communities, thereby contributing to
the promotion of collective mental health (Muñoz-Arroyave et al., 2023).
Finally, the results suggest that the increased quality of life associated with mindful running and
mindfulness practice is articulated with positive psychology, which interdisciplinarily addresses mental
health, not only as the absence of illness, but also as the development of potential. By cultivating self-
control, autonomy, and self-esteem, these practices impact people's overall well-being (García-Alvarez et
al., 2021). This empowers running and mindfulness as concomitant interventions that, in addition to
alleviating discomfort, strengthen personal resources that support self-realization and human
flourishing, thus offering a coherent framework for intervention. The principles of contemporary
psychology are fully embraced in these findings.
Conclusiones
The results show how running and mindfulness have positive impacts on the mental health and
quality of life of those who practice them. The results also show how practicing these activities reduces
symptoms of anxiety and depression, while improving emotional resilience and self-regulation. This
approach is further supported by the use of qualitative reflection based on argumentation aided by
semantic maps. This approach confirms that running and mindfulness together have positive impacts
beyond the physiological, providing holistic well-being.
As far as we understand, applying mindfulness to running enhances the benefits of both,
developing an intervention model known as “mindful running.” This model not only strengthens the body
and mind but also improves certain cognitive skills, such as attention and concentration. Integration
fosters a deeper sense of purpose, autonomy, and self-efficacy, which is positively correlated with
subjective well-being. The mindful career approach is useful and novel, as described in health psychology;
therefore, the study further confirms its value.
With regard to the psychosocial impact, the results highlight the cohesion and support systems
that these practices foster, especially when implemented in community settings. The social aspects of
running and mindful jogging offer opportunities for socialisation that enhance individual and collective
well-being, sustaining and supporting collaborative efforts. This approach is important for understanding
quality of life from a holistic perspective, in which life is not measured solely by physical or emotional
indicators.
Finally, the report underscores the importance of conducting future research to empirically
evaluate the effects of running and mindfulness in various areas of clinical, educational, and community
practice. Although this study provides a solid conceptual foundation, grounded in argumentative
reflection, it is also imperative to design frameworks aimed at systematically capturing alterations in
mental health and quality of life. In this way, the present research lays the groundwork for further inquiry
into the unification of body and mind as integral components of human well-being, and provides
sustainable and widely available options for contemporary psychology.
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